dd(1): convert/copy file - Linux man page

NAME

DESCRIPTION

Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.

bs=BYTES: force ibs=BYTES and obs=BYTES
cbs=BYTES: convert BYTES bytes at a time
conv=CONVS: convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
count=BLOCKS: copy only BLOCKS input blocks
ibs=BYTES: read BYTES bytes at a time
if=FILE: read from FILE instead of stdin
iflag=FLAGS: read as per the comma separated symbol list
obs=BYTES: write BYTES bytes at a time
of=FILE: write to FILE instead of stdout
oflag=FLAGS: write as per the comma separated symbol list
seek=BLOCKS: skip BLOCKS obs-sized blocks at start of output
skip=BLOCKS: skip BLOCKS ibs-sized blocks at start of input
status=noxfer: suppress transfer statistics

BLOCKS and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: xM M, c 1, w 2, b 512, kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, GB 1000*1000*1000, G 1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y.

Each CONV symbol may be:

ascii: from EBCDIC to ASCII
ebcdic: from ASCII to EBCDIC
ibm: from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
block: pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
unblock: replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
lcase: change upper case to lower case
nocreat: do not create the output file
excl: fail if the output file already exists
notrunc: do not truncate the output file
ucase: change lower case to upper case
swab: swap every pair of input bytes
noerror: continue after read errors
sync: pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used; with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs; fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing fsync likewise, but also write metadata