NAME
latex2html - translate LaTeX files to HTML (HyperText
Markup Language)
SYNOPSIS
latex2html [options] [target [target
...]]
DESCRIPTION
This manual page explains the LaTeX2HTML
utility, which is a Perl program that translates
LaTeX document into HTML format. For each source file
given as an argument the translator will create a directory
containing the corresponding HTML files. For details and examples,
please consult the online html documentation, a copy of which
should be available in
/usr/share/doc/latex2html/manual.ps.gz or
/usr/share/doc/latex2html/html/
CAVEAT
This documetation has been derived from the TeX
manual, and may not be uptodate. Please refer to the online manual
for authoritative documentation.
Options controlling Titles, File-Names and Sectioning
- -t <top-page-title>
- -t <top-page-title>
- Same as setting: $TITLE = <top-page-title>; Name
- Same as setting: $TITLE = <top-page-title>; Name
the document using this title.
the document using this title.
- -short_extn
- Same as setting: $SHORTEXTN = 1; Use a filename prefix
of .htm for the produced HTML files. This is particularly
useful for creating pages to be stored on CD-ROM or other media, to
be used with operating systems that require a 3-character
extension.
- -long_titles <num>
- -long_titles <num>
- Same as setting: $LONG_TITLES = <num>; Instead of
the standard names: node1.html, node2.html,... the filenames for
each HTML page are constructed from the first <num>
words of the section heading for that page, separated by the `_'
character. Commas and common short words (a an to by of and for
the) are omitted from both title and word-count. Warning: Use this
the) are omitted from both title and word-count. Warning: Use this
switch with great caution. Currently there are no checks for
uniqueness of names or overall length. Very long names can easily
result from using this feature.
- -custom_titles
- -custom_titles
- Same as setting: $CUSTOM_TITLES = 1; Instead of the
standard names: node1.html, node2.html, ... the filenames for each
HTML page are constructed using a Perl subroutine
named custom_title_hook . The user may define his/her own version
named custom_title_hook . The user may define his/her own version
of this subroutine, within a .latex2html-init file say, to override
the default (which uses the standard names). This subroutine takes
the section-heading as a parameter and must return the required
name, or the empty string (default).
- -dir <output-directory>
- Same as setting: $DESTDIR = <output-directory>;
Redirect the output to the specified directory. The default
behaviour is to create (or reuse) a directory having the same name
as the prefix of the document being processed.
- -no_subdir
- Same as setting: $NO_SUBDIR = 1; Place the generated
HTML files into the current directory. This overrides any
$DESTDIR setting.
- -prefix <filename-prefix>
- Same as setting: $PREFIX = <filename-prefix>; The
<filename-prefix> will be prepended to all .gif, .pl and
.html files produced, except for the top-level .html file; it may
include a (relative) directory path. This will enable multiple
products of LaTeX2HTML to peacefully coexist in the same
directory. However, do not attempt to simultaneously run multiple
instances of LaTeX2HTML using the same output directory,
else various temporary files will overwrite each other.
- -auto_prefix
- Same as setting: $AUTO_PREFIX = 1; Constructs the prefix
as `<title>-' to be prepended to all the files produced,
as `<title>-' to be prepended to all the files produced,
where <title> is the name of the LaTeX file being
where <title> is the name of the LaTeX file being
processed. (Note the `-' in this prefix.) This overrides any
$PREFIX setting.
- -no_auto_link
- Same as setting: $NO_AUTO_LINK = 1; If $NO_AUTO_LINK is
empty and variables $LINKPOINT and $LINKNAME are
defined appropriately (as is the default in the latex2html.config
file), then a hard link to the main HTML page is produced,
using the name supplied in $LINKNAME. Typically this is
index.html; on many systems a file of this name will be used, if it
exists, when a browser tries to view a URL which points to a
directory. On other systems a different value for $LINKNAME
may be appropriate. Typically $LINKPOINT has value
$FILE.html, but this may also be changed to match whichever
HTML page is to become the target of the automatic link. Use of the
-no_auto_link switch cancels this automatic linking facility, when
not required for a particular document.
- -split <num>
- Same as setting: $MAX_SPLIT_DEPTH = <num>; (default is
8) Stop splitting sections into separate files at this depth.
Specifying -split 0 will put the entire document into a single
HTML file. See below for the different levels of sectioning.
Also see the next item for how to set a ``relative'' depth for
splitting.
- -split +<num>
- Same as setting: $MAX_SPLIT_DEPTH = -<num>; (default
is 8) The level at which to stop splitting sections is
calculated ``relative to'' the shallowest level of sectioning that
occurs within the document. For example, if the document contains
\section commands, but no \part or \chapter commands, then -split
+1 will cause splitting at each \section but not at any deeper
level; whereas -split +2 or -split +3 also split down to
\subsection and \subsubsection commands respectively. Specifying
-split +0 puts the entire document into a single HTML file.
- -link <num>
- Same as setting: $MAX_LINK_DEPTH = <num>; (default is
4) For each node, create links to child nodes down to this much
deeper than the node's sectioning-level. Specifying -link 0 will
show no links to child nodes from that page, -link 1 will show only
the immediate descendents, etc. A value at least as big as that of
the -split <num> depth will produce a mini table-of-contents
(when not empty) on each page, for the tree structure rooted at
that node. When the page has a sectioning-level less than the
-split depth, so that the a mini table-of-contents has links to
other HTML pages, this table is located at the bottom of the
page, unless placed elsewhere using the \tableofchildlinks command.
On pages having a sectioning-level just less than the -split depth
the mini table-of-contents contains links to subsections etc.
occurring on the same HTML page. Now the table is located at
the top of this page, unless placed elsewhere using the
\tableofchildlinks command.
- -toc_depth <num>
- Same as setting: $TOC_DEPTH = <num>; (default is
4) Sectioning levels down to <num> are to be included
within the Table-of-Contents tree.
- -toc_stars
- Same as setting: $TOC_STARS = 1; Sections created using
the starred-form of sectioning commands are included within the
Table-of-Contents. As with LaTeX, normally such sections are
not listed.
- -show_section_numbers
- Same as setting: $SHOW_SECTION_NUMBERS = 1; Show section
numbers. By default section numbers are not shown, so as to
encourage the use of particular sections as stand-alone documents.
In order to be shown, section titles must be unique and must not
In order to be shown, section titles must be unique and must not
contain inlined graphics.
- -unsegment
- Same as setting: $UNSEGMENT = 1; Treat a segmented
document (see the section about document segmentation) like it were
not segmented. This will cause the translator to concatenate all
segments and process them as a whole. You might find this useful to
check a segmented document for consistency. For all documents the
sectioning levels referred to above are:
-
0 document
1 part
2 chapter
3 section
4 subsection
5 subsubsection
6 paragraph
7 subparagraph
8 subsubparagraph
These levels apply even when
the document contains no sectioning for the shallower levels; e.g.
no \part or \chapter commands is most common, especially when using
LaTeX's article document-class.
Options controlling Extensions and Special Features
The
switches described here govern the type of HTML code that
can be generated, and how to choose between the available options
when there are alternative strategies for implementing portions of
LaTeX code.
- -html_version (2.0|3.0|3.2)[,(math|i18n|table)]*
- Same as setting: $HTML_VERSION = ... ; This specifies
both the HTML version to generate, and any extra
(non-standard) HTML features that may be required. The
version number corresponds to a published DTD for an HTML
standard (although 3.0 was never accepted and subsequently
withdrawn). A corresponding Perl file in the versions/
subdirectory is loaded; these files are named `html<num>.pl'.
Following the version number, a comma-separated list of extensions
can be given. Each corresponds to a file `<name>.pl' also
located in the versions/ subdirectory. When such a file is loaded
the resulting HTML code can no longer be expected to validate with
the specified DTD. An exception is math when the -no_math switch is
also used, which should still validate. Currently, versions 2.0,
3.2 and 4.0 are available. (and also 2.1, 2.2, 3.0 and 3.1, for
hoistorical reasons). The extensions i18n, tables, math correspond
roughly to what used to be called versions `2.1', `2.2', `3.1'
respectively, in releases of LaTeX2HTML up to 1996. Now
these extensions can be loaded with any of `2.0', `3.2' or `4.0' as
the specified standard. The default version is usually set to be
`3.2', within latex2html.config.
- -no_tex_defs
- Same as setting: $TEXDEFS = 0; (default is 1) When
$TEXDEFS is set (default) the file texdefs.perl will be
read. This provides code to allow common TEX commands like \def,
\newbox, \newdimen and others, to be recognised, especially within
the document preamble. In the case of \def, the definition may even
be fully interpreted, but this requires the pattern-matching to be
not too complicated. If $TEXDEFS is `0' or empty, then
texdefs.perl will not be loaded; the translator will make no
attempt to interpret any raw TEX commands. This feature is intended
to enable sophisticated authors the ability to insert arbitrary TEX
commands in environments that are destined to be processed by
LaTeX anyway; e.g. figures, theorems, pictures, etc. However
this should rarely be needed, as now there is better support for
these types of environment. There are now other methods to specify
which chunks of code are to be passed to LaTeX for explicit
image-generation; see the discussion of the makeimage environment.
- -external_file <filename>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_FILE = <filename>;
Specifies the prefix of the .aux file that this document should
read. The .aux extension will be appended to this prefix to get the
complete filename, with directory path if needed. This file could
contain necessary information regarding citations, figure, table
and section numbers from LaTeX and perhaps other information
also. Use of this switch is vital for document segments, processed
separately and linked to appear as if generated from a single LaTeX
document.
- -font_size <size>
- Same as setting: $FONT_SIZE = <size>; This option
provides better control over the font size of environments made
into images using LaTeX. <size> must be one of the
font sizes that LaTeX recognizes; i.e. `10pt', `11pt',
`12pt', etc. Default is `10pt', or whatever option may have been
specified on the \documentclass or \documentstyle line. Whatever
size is selected, it will be magnified by the installation
variables $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR, $FIGURE_SCALE_FACTOR
and $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR as appropriate. Note: This switch
provides no control over the size of text on the HTML pages. Such
control is subject entirely to the user's choices of settings for
the browser windows.
- -scalable_fonts
- Same as setting: $SCALABLE_FONTS = 1; This is used when
scalable fonts, such as PostScript versions of the TEX fonts, are
available for image-generation. It has the effect of setting
$PK_GENERATION to `1', and $DVIPS_MODE to be empty,
overriding any previous settings for these variables.
- -no_math
- Same as setting: $NO_SIMPLE_MATH = 1; Ordinarily simple
mathematical expressions are set using the ordinary text font, but
italiced. When part of the expression can not be represented this
way, an image is made of the whole formula. This is called ``simple
math''. When $NO_SIMPLE_MATH is set, then all mathematics is
made into images, whether simple or not. However, if the math
extension is loaded, using the -html_version switch described
earlier, then specifying -no_math produces a quite different
effect. Now it is the special <MATH> tags and entities which
are cancelled. In their place a sophisticated scheme for parsing
mathematical expressions is used. Images are made of those
sub-parts of a formula which cannot be adequately expressed using
(italiced) text characters and <SUB> and <SUP> tags.
See the subsection on mathematics for more details.
- -local_icons
- Same as setting: $LOCAL_ICONS = 1; A copy of each of the
icons actually used within the document is placed in the directory
along with the HTML files and generated images. This allows
the whole document to be fully self-contained, within this
directory; otherwise the icons must be retrieved from a (perhaps
remote) server. The icons are normally copied from a subdirectory
of the
$LATEX2HTMLDIR,
set within latex2html.config. An alternative set of
icons can be used by specifying a (relative) directory path in
$ALTERNATIVE_ICONS to where the customised images can be found.
- -init_file <file>
- Load the specified initialisation file. This Perl file
will be loaded after loading $HOME/.latex2html-init, or
.latex2html-init in the local directory, if either file exists. It
is read at the time the switch is processed, so the contents of the
file may change any of the values of any of the variables that were
previously established, as well as any default options. More than
one initialisation file can be read in this way. [change_begin]98.1
- -no_fork
- Same as setting: $NOFORK = 1; When set this disables a
feature in the early part of the processing whereby some
memory-intensive operations are performed by `forked' child
processes. Some single-task operating systems, such as DOS, do not
support this feature. Having $NOFORK set then ensures that
unnecessary file-handles that are needed with the forked processes,
are not consumed unnecessarily, perhaps resulting in a fatal
Perl error.
- -iso_language <type>
- This enables you to specify a different language type than 'EN'
to be used in the DTD entries of the HTML document, e.g.
'EN.US'. [change_end] 98.1
- -short_index
- Same as setting: $SHORT_INDEX = 1; Creates shorter Index
listings, using codified links; this is fully compatible with the
makeidx package.
- -no_footnode
- Same as setting: $NO_FOOTNODE = 1; Suppresses use of a
separate file for footnotes; instead these are placed at the bottom
of the HTML pages where the references occur. When this
option is used, it is frequently desirable to change the style of
the marker used to indicate the presence of a footnote. This is
done as in LaTeX, using code such as follows.
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\arabic{footnote}} All the styles
\arabic, \alph, \roman, \Alph and \Roman are available.
[change_begin]98.1
- -numbered_footnotes
- Same as setting: $NUMBERED_FOOTNOTES = 1; If this is set
you will get every footnote applied with a subsequent number, to
ease readability. [change_end] 98.1
- -address <author-address>
- Same as setting: $ADDRESS = <author-address>; Sign
each page with this address. See latex2html.config for an example
using Perl code to automatically include the date. A
user-defined Perl subroutine called &custom_address can
be used instead, if defined; it takes the value of $ADDRESS
as a parameter, which may be used or ignored as desired. At the
time when this subroutine will be called, variables named $depth,
$title, $file hold the sectioning-level, title and
$title, $file hold the sectioning-level, title and
filename of the HTML page being produced; $FILE holds
the name of the filename for the title-page of the whole document.
the name of the filename for the title-page of the whole document.
- -info <string>
- Same as setting: $INFO = <string>; Generate a new
section ``About this document'' containing information about the
document being translated. The default is to generate such a
section with information on the original document, the date, the
user and the translator. An empty string (or the value `0')
disables the creation of this extra section. If a non-empty string
is given, it will be placed as the contents of the ``About this
document'' page instead of the default information.
Switches controlling Image Generation
These switches affect
whether images are created at all, whether old images are reused on
subsequent runs or new ones created afresh, and whether
anti-aliasing effects are used within the images themselves.
- -ascii_mode
- Same as setting: $ASCII_MODE = $EXTERNAL_IMAGES = 1; Use
only ASCII characters and do not include any images in the final
output. With -ascii_mode the output of the translator can be used
on character-based browsers, such as lynx, which do not support
inlined images (via the <IMG> tag).
- -nolatex
- Same as setting: $NOLATEX = 1; Disable the mechanism for
passing unknown environments to LaTeX for processing. This
can be thought of as ``draft mode'' which allows faster translation
of the basic document structure and text, without fancy figures,
equations or tables. (This option has been superseded by the
-no_images option, see below.)
- -external_images
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_IMAGES = 1; Instead of
including any generated images inside the document, leave them
outside the document and provide hypertext links to them.
- -ps_images
- Same as setting: $PS_IMAGES = $EXTERNAL_IMAGES = 1; Use
links to external PostScript files rather than inlined images in
the chosen graphics format.
- -discard
- Same as setting: $DISCARD_PS = 1; The temporary
PostScript files are discarded immediately after they have been
used to create the image in the desired graphics format.
- -no_images
- Same as setting: $NO_IMAGES = 1; Do not attempt to
produce any inlined images. The missing images can be generated
``off-line'' by restarting LaTeX2HTML with the option
-images_only .
- -images_only
- Same as setting: $IMAGES_ONLY = 1; Try to convert any
inlined images that were left over from previous runs of
LaTeX2HTML.
- -reuse <reuse_option>
- Same as setting: $REUSE = <reuse_option>; This
switch specifies the extent to which image files are to be shared
or recycled. There are three valid options: [*] 0 Do not ever share
or recycle image files. This choice also invokes an interactive
session prompting the user about what to do about a pre-existing
HTML directory, if it exists. [*] 1 Recycle image files from
a previous run if they are available, but do not share identical
images that must be created in this run. [*] 2 Recycle image files
from a previous run and share identical images from this run. This
is the default. A later section provides additional information
about image-reuse.
- -no_reuse
- Same as setting: $REUSE = 0; Do not share or recycle
images generated during previous translations. This is equivalent
to -reuse 0 . (This will enable the initial interactive session
during which the user is asked whether to reuse the old directory,
delete its contents or quit.)
- -antialias
- Same as setting: $ANTI_ALIAS = 1; (Default is 0.)
Generated images of figure environments and external PostScript
files should use anti-aliasing. By default anti-aliasing is not
used with these images, since this may interfere with the contents
of the images themselves.
- -antialias_text
- Same as setting: $ANTI_ALIAS_TEXT = 1; (Default is 1.)
Generated images of typeset material such as text, mathematical
formulas, tables and the content of makeimage environments, should
use anti-aliasing effects. The default is normally to use
anti-aliasing for text, since the resulting images are much clearer
on-screen. However the default may have been changed locally.
- -no_antialias
- Same as setting: $ANTI_ALIAS = 0; (Default is 0.)
Generated images of figure environments and external PostScript
files should not use anti-aliasing with images, though the local
default may have been changed to use it.
- -no_antialias_text
- Same as setting: $ANTI_ALIAS_TEXT = 0; (Default is 1.)
Generated images of typeset material should not use anti-aliasing
effects. Although on-screen images of text are definitely improved
using anti-aliasing, printed images can be badly blurred, even at
300dpi. Higher resolution printers do a much better job with the
resulting grey-scale images. [change_begin]98.1
- -white
- Same as setting: $WHITE_BACKGROUND = 1; (Default is 1.)
Ensures that images of figure environments have a white background.
Otherwise transparency effects may not work correctly.
- -no_white
- Same as setting: $WHITE_BACKGROUND = ''; (Default is 1.)
Cancels the requirement that figure environments have a white
background.
- -ldump
- Same as setting: $LATEX_DUMP = 1; (Default is 0.) Use
this if you want to speed up image processing during the 2nd and
subsequent runs of LaTeX2HTML on the same document. The
translator now produces a LaTeX format-dump of the preamble
to images.tex which is used on subsequent runs. This significantly
reduces the startup time when LaTeX reads the images.tex
file for image-generation. This process actually consumes
additional time on the first run, since LaTeX is called
twice -- once to create the format-dump, then again to load and use
it. The pay-off comes with the faster loading on subsequent runs.
Approximately 1 Meg of disk space is consumed by the dump file.
[change_end] 98.1
Switches controlling Navigation Panels
The following
switches govern whether to include one or more navigation panels on
each HTML page, also which buttons to include within such a
panel.
- -no_navigation
- Same as setting: $NO_NAVIGATION = 1; Disable the
mechanism for putting navigation links in each page. This overrides
any settings of the $TOP_NAVIGATION,
$BOTTOM_NAVIGATION and $AUTO_NAVIGATION variables.
- -top_navigation
- Same as setting: $TOP_NAVIGATION = 1; Put navigation
links at the top of each page.
- -bottom_navigation
- Same as setting: $BOTTOM_NAVIGATION = 1; Put navigation
links at the bottom of each page as well as the top.
- -auto_navigation
- Same as setting: $AUTO_NAVIGATION = 1; Put navigation
links at the top of each page. Also put one at the bottom of the
page, if the page exceeds $WORDS_IN_PAGE number of words
(default = 450).
- -next_page_in_navigation
- Same as setting: $NEXT_PAGE_IN_NAVIGATION = 1; Put a
link to the next logical page in the navigation panel.
- -previous_page_in_navigation
- Same as setting: $PREVIOUS_PAGE_IN_NAVIGATION = 1; Put a
link to the previous logical page in the navigation panel.
- -contents_in_navigation
- Same as setting: $CONTENTS_IN_NAVIGATION = 1; Put a link
to the table-of-contents in the navigation panel if there is one.
- -index_in_navigation
- Same as setting: $INDEX_IN_NAVIGATION = 1; Put a link to
the index-page in the navigation panel if there is an
index.
Switches for Linking to other documents
When processing a
single stand-alone document, the switches described in this section
should not be needed at all, since the automatically generated
navigation panels, described on the previous page should generate
all the required navigation links. However if a document is to be
regarded as part of a much larger document, then links from its
first and final pages, to locations in other parts of the larger
(virtual) document, need to be provided explicitly for some of the
buttons in the navigation panel. The following switches allow for
such links to other documents, by providing the title and URL for
such links to other documents, by providing the title and URL for
navigation panel hyperlinks. In particular, the ``Document
Segmentation'' feature necessarily makes great use of these
switches. It is usual for the text and targets of these navigation
hyperlinks to be recorded in a Makefile, to avoid tedious typing of
long command-lines having many switches.
- -up_url <URL>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_UP_LINK = <URL>;
Specifies a universal resource locator (URL) to associate with the
``UP'' button in the navigation panel(s).
- -up_title <string>
- -up_title <string>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_UP_TITLE = <string>;
Specifies a title associated with this URL.
Specifies a title associated with this URL.
- -prev_url <URL>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_PREV_LINK = <URL>;
Specifies a URL to associate with the ``PREVIOUS'' button in the
navigation panel(s).
- -prev_title <string>
- -prev_title <string>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_PREV_TITLE = <string>;
Specifies a title associated with this URL.
Specifies a title associated with this URL.
- -down_url <URL>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_DOWN_LINK = <URL>;
Specifies a URL for the ``NEXT'' button in the navigation panel(s).
- -down_title <string>
- -down_title <string>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_DOWN_TITLE = <string>;
Specifies a title associated with this URL.
Specifies a title associated with this URL.
- -contents <URL>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_CONTENTS = <URL>;
Specifies a URL for the ``CONTENTS'' button, for document segments
that would not otherwise have one.
- -index <URL>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_INDEX = <URL>;
Specifies a URL for the ``INDEX'' button, for document segments
that otherwise would not have an index.
- -biblio <URL>
- Same as setting: $EXTERNAL_BIBLIO = <URL>;
Specifies the URL for the bibliography page to be used, when not
explicitly part of the document itself. Warning: On some systems it
is difficult to give text-strings <string> containing space
characters, on the command-line or via a Makefile. One way to
overcome this is to use the corresponding variable. Another way is
to replace the spaces with underscores (_).
Switches for Help and Tracing
The first two of the
following switches are self-explanatory. When problems arise in
processing a document, the switches -debug and -verbosity will each
cause LaTeX2HTML to generate more output to the screen.
These extra messages should help to locate the cause of the
problem.
- -tmp <path>
- Define a temporary directory to use for image generation. If
<path> is 0, the standard temporary directory /tmp is used.
- -h(elp)
- Print out the list of all command-line options.
- -v
- Print the current version of LaTeX2HTML.
- -debug
- Same as setting: $DEBUG = 1; Run in debug-mode,
displaying messages and/or diagnostic information about files read,
and utilities called by LaTeX2HTML. Shows any messages
produced by these calls. More extensive diagnostics, from the
Perl debugger, can be obtained by appending the string `-w-'
to the 1st line of the latex2html (and other) Perl
script(s).
- -verbosity <num>
- Same as setting: $VERBOSITY = <num>; Display
messages revealing certain aspects of the processing performed by
LaTeX2HTML on the provided input file(s). The <num>
parameter can be an integer in the range 0 to 8. Each higher value
adds to the messages produced.
- 0.
- No special tracing; as for versions of LaTeX2HTML prior
to V97.1.
- 1.
- (This is the default.) Show section-headings and the
corresponding HTML file names, and indicators that major stages in
the processing have been completed.
- 2.
- Print environment names and identifier numbers, and new
theorem-types. Show warnings as they occur, and indicators for more
stages of processing. Print names of files for storing auxiliary
data arrays.
- 3.
- Print command names as they are encountered and processed; also
any unknown commands encountered while pre-processing. Show names
of new commands, environments, theorems, counters and
counter-dependencies, for each document partition.
- 4.
- Indicate command-substitution the pre-process of
math-environments. Print the contents of unknown environments for
processing in LaTeX, both before and after reverting to
LaTeX source. Show all operations affecting the values of
counters. Also show links, labels and sectioning keys, at the
stages of processing.
- 5.
- Detail the processing in the document preamble. Show
substitutions of new environments. Show the contents of all
recognised environments, both before and after processing. Show the
cached/encoded information for the image keys, allowing two images
to be tested for equality.
- 6.
- Show replacements of new commands, accents and wrapped
commands.
- 7.
- Trace the processing of commands in math mode; both before and
after.
- 8.
- Trace the processing of all commands, both before and after.
The command-line option sets an initial value only. During
processing the value of $VERBOSITY can be set dynamically
using the \htmltracing{...} command, whose argument is the desired
value, or by using the more general \HTMLset command as follows:
\HTMLset{VERBOSITY}{<num>}.
Other Configuration Variables, without switches
The
configuration variables described here do not warrant having a
command-line switch to assign values. Either they represent aspects
of LaTeX2HTML that are specific to the local site, or they
govern properties that should apply to all documents, rather than
something that typically would change for the different documents
within a particular sub-directory. Normally these variables have
their value set within the latex2html.config file. In the following
listing the defaults are shown, as the lines of Perl code used to
establish these values. If a different value is required, then
these can be assigned from a local .latex2html-init initialisation
file, without affecting the defaults for other users, or documents
processed from other directories.
- $dd
- holds the string to be used in file-names to delimit
directories; it is set internally to `/', unless the variable has
already been given a value within latex2html.config . Note: This
value cannot be set within a .latex2html-init initialisation file,
since its value needs to be known in order to find such a file.
- $LATEX2HTMLDIR
- Read by the install-test script from latex2html.config, its
value is inserted into the latex2html Perl script as part of
the installation process.
- $LATEX2HTMLSTYLES = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/styles;
- Read from the latex2html.config file by install-test, its value
is checked to locate the styles/ directory.
- $LATEX2HTMLVERSIONS = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/versions;
- The value of this variable should be set within
latex2html.config to specify the directory path where the version
and extension files can be found.
- $ALTERNATIVE_ICONS = '';
- This may contain the (relative) directory path to a set of
customised icons to be used in conjunction with the -local_icons
switch.
- $TEXEXPAND = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/texexpand;
- Read by the install-test Perl script from
latex2html.config, its value is used to locate the texexpand
Perl script.
- $PSTOIMG = $LATEX2HTMLDIR/pstoimg;
- Read by the install-test Perl script from
latex2html.config, its value is used to locate the pstoimg
Perl script.
- $IMAGE_TYPE = '<image-type>';
- Set in latex2html.config, the currently supported
<image-type>s are: gif and png.
- $DVIPS = 'dvips';
- Read from latex2html.config by install-test, its value is
checked to locate the dvips program or script. There could be
several reasons to change the value here: o add a switch
-P<printer> to load a specific configuration-file; e.g. to
use a specific set of PostScript fonts, for improved
image-generation. o to prepend a path to a different version of
dvips than normally available as the system default (e.g. the
printing requirements are different). o to append debugging
switches, in case of poor quality images; one can see which paths
are being searched for fonts and other resources. o to prepend
commands for setting path variables that dvips may need in order to
locate fonts or other resources. If automatic generation of fonts
is required, using Metafont, the following configuration variables
are important.
-
- $PK_GENERATION = 1;
- This variable must be set, to initiate font-generation;
otherwise fonts will be scaled from existing resources on the local
system. In particular this variable must not be set, if one wishes
to use PostScript fonts or other scalable font resources (see the
-scalable_fonts switch).
- $DVIPS_MODE = 'toshiba';
- The mode given here must be available in the modes.mf file,
located with the Metafont resource files, perhaps in the misc/
subdirectory.
- $METAFONT_DPI = 180;
- The required resolution, in dots-per-inch, should be listed
specifically within the MakeTeXPK script, called by dvips to invoke
Metafont with the correct parameters for the required
fonts.
- $LATEX = 'latex';
- Read from latex2html.config by install-test, its value is
checked to locate the latex program or script. If LaTeX is
having trouble finding style-files and/or packages, then the
default command can be prepended with other commands to set
environment variables intended to resolve these difficulties; e.g.
$LATEX = 'setenv TEXINPUTS <path to search> ; latex' .
There are several variables to help control exactly which files are
read by LaTeX2HTML and by LaTeX when processing
images:
-
- $TEXINPUTS
- This is normally set from the environment variable of the same
name. If difficulties occur so that styles and packages are not
being found, then extra paths can be specified here, to resolve
these difficulties.
- $DONT_INCLUDE
- This provides a list of filenames and extensions to not
include, even if requested to do so by an \input or \include
command. (Consult latex2html.config for the default list.)
- $DO_INCLUDE = '';
- List of exceptions within the $DONT_INCLUDE list. These
files are to be read if requested by an \input or \include
command.
- $ICONSERVER = '<URL>';
- This is used to specify a URL to find the standard icons, as
used for the navigation buttons. Names for the specific images
size, as well as size information, can be found in
latex2html.config. The icons themselves can be replaced by
customised versions, provided this information is correctly updated
and the location of the customised images specified as the value of
$ICONSERVER. When the -local_icons switch is used, so that a copy
of the icons is placed with the HTML files and other
generated images, the value of $ICONSERVER is not needed within the
HTML files themselves. However it is needed to find the
original icons to be copied to the local directory.
- $NAV_BORDER = <num>;
- The value given here results in a border, measured in points,
around each icon. A value of `0' is common, to maintain strict
alignment of inactive and active buttons in the control panels.
- $LINKNAME = 'index.$EXTN';
- This is used when the $NO_AUTO_LINK variable is empty,
to allow a URL to the working directory to be sufficient to reach
the main page of the completed document. It specifies the name of
the HTML file which will be automatically linked to the
directory name. The value of $EXTN is .html unless
$SHORTEXTN is set, in which case it is .htm .
- $LINKPOINT = '$FILE$EXTN';
- This specifies the name of the HTML file to be
duplicated, or symbolically linked, with the name specified in
$LINKNAME. At the appropriate time the value of $FILE
is the document name, which usually coincides with the name of the
working directory.
- $CHARSET = 'iso_8859_1';
- This specifies the character set used within the HTML
pages produced by LaTeX2HTML. If no value is set in a
configuration or initialisation file, the default value will be
assumed. The lowercase form $charset is also recognised, but
this is overridden by the uppercase form.
- $ACCENT_IMAGES = 'large';
- Accented characters that are not part of the ISO-Latin fonts
can be generated by making an image using LaTeX. This
variable contains a (comma-separated) list of LaTeX commands
for setting the style to be used when these images are made. If the
value of this variable is empty then the accent is simply ignored,
using an un-accented font character (not an image) instead. Within
the color.perl package, the following variables are used to
identify the names of files containing specifications for named
colors. Files having these names are provided, in the
$LATEX2HTMLSTYLES directory, but they could be moved
elsewhere, or replaced by alternative files having different names.
In such a case the values of these variables should be altered
accordingly.
$RGBCOLORFILE = 'rgb.txt';
$CRAYOLAFILE = 'crayola.txt'; The following
variables may well be altered from the system defaults, but this is
best done using a local .latex2html-init initialisation file, for
overall consistency of style within documents located at the same
site, or sites in close proximity.
- $default_language = 'english';
- This establishes which language code is to be placed within the
<!DOCTYPE ... > tag that may appear at the beginning of the
HTML pages produced. Loading a package for an alternative
language can be expected to change the value of this variable. See
also the $TITLES_LANGUAGE variable, described next.
- $TITLES_LANGUAGE = 'english';
- This variable is used to specify the actual strings used for
standard document sections, such as ``Contents'', ``References'',
``Table of Contents'', etc. Support for French and German titles is
``Table of Contents'', etc. Support for French and German titles is
available in corresponding packages. Loading such a package will
normally alter the value of this variable, as well as the
$default_language variable described above.
- $WORDS_IN_NAVIGATION_PANEL_TITLES = 4;
- Specifies how many words to use from section titles, within the
- Specifies how many words to use from section titles, within the
textual hyperlinks which accompany the navigation buttons.
- $WORDS_IN_PAGE = 450;
- Specifies the minimum page length required before a navigation
panel is placed at the bottom of a page, when the
$AUTO_NAVIGATION variable is set.
- $CHILDLINE = <BR><HR>\n;
- This gives the HTML code to be placed between the
child-links table and the ordinary contents of the page on which it
occurs.
- $NETSCAPE_HTML = 0;
- When set, this variable specifies that HTML code may be
present which does not conform to any official standard. This
restricts the contents of any <!DOCTYPE ... > tag which may
be placed at the beginning of the HTML pages produced.
- $BODYTEXT = '';
- The value of this variable is used within the <BODY ... >
tag; e.g. to set text and/or background colors. It's value is
overridden by the \bodytext command, and can be added-to or parts
changed using the \htmlbody command or \color and \pagecolor from
the color package.
- $INTERLACE = 1;
- When set, interlaced images should be produced. This requires
graphics utilities to be available to perform the interlacing
operation.
- $TRANSPARENT_FIGURES = 1;
- When set, the background of images should be made transparent;
otherwise it is white. This requires graphics utilities to be
available which can specify the color to be made transparent.
- $FIGURE_SCALE_FACTOR = 1.6;
- Scale factor applied to all images of figure and other
environments, when being made into an image. Note that this does
not apply to recognised mathematics environments, which instead use
the contents of $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR and $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR to
specify scaling.
- $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR = 1.6;
- Scale factor applied to all images of mathematics, both inline
and displayed. A value of 1.4 is a good alternative, with
anti-aliased images.
- $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR = 1;
- Extra scale factor applied to images of displayed math
environments. When set, this value multiplies
$MATH_SCALE_FACTOR to give the total scaling. A value of
`1.2' is a good choice to accompany $MATH_SCALE_FACTOR = 1.4;.
- $EXTRA_IMAGE_SCALE
- This may hold an extra scale factor that can be applied to all
generated images. When set, it specifies that a scaling of
$EXTRA_IMAGE_SCALE be applied when images are created, but
to have their height and width recorded as the un-scaled size. This
is to coax browsers into scaling the (usually larger) images to fit
the desired size; when printed a better quality can be obtained.
Values of `1.5' and `2' give good print quality at 600dpi.
- $PAPERSIZE = 'a5';
- Specifies the size of a page for typesetting figures or
displayed math, when an image is to be generated. This affects the
lengths of lines of text within images. Since images of text or
mathematics should use larger sizes than when printed, else clarity
is lost at screen resolutions, then a smaller paper-size is
generally advisable. This is especially so if both the
$MATH_SCALE_FACTOR and $DISP_SCALE_FACTOR scaling factors
are being used, else some images may become excessively large,
including a lot of blank space.
- $LINE_WIDTH = 500;
- Formerly specified the width of an image, when the contents
were to be right- or center-justified. (No longer used.)
The following variables are used to access the utilities
required during image-generation. File and program locations on the
local system are established by the configure-pstoimg Perl
script and stored within $LATEX2HTMLDIR/local.pm as
Perl code, to be read by pstoimg when required. After
running the configure-pstoimg Perl script it should not be
necessary to alter the values obtained. Those shown below are what
happens on the author's system; they are for illustration only and
do not represent default values.
$GS_LIB = '/usr/local/share/ghostscript/4.02';
$PNMCAT = '/usr/local/bin/pnmcat';
$PPMQUANT = '/usr/local/bin/ppmquant';
$PNMFLIP = '/usr/local/bin/pnmflip';
$PPMTOGIF = '/usr/local/bin/ppmtogif';
$HOWTO_TRANSPARENT_GIF = 'netpbm';
$GS_DEVICE = 'pnmraw';
$GS = '/usr/local/bin/gs';
$PNMFILE = '/usr/local/bin/pnmfile';
$HOWTO_INTERLACE_GIF = 'netpbm';
$PBMMAKE = '/usr/local/bin/pbmmake';
$PNMCROP = '/usr/local/bin/pnmcrop';
$TMP = '/usr/var/tmp'; The following variables are
no longer needed, having been replaced by the more specific
information obtained using the Perl script configure-pstoimg.
$USENETPBM = 1;
$PBMPLUSDIR = '/usr/local/bin';
SEE ALSO
latex(1)
AUTHOR
Nikos Drakos, Computer Based Learning Unit,
University of Leeds <nikos@cbl.leeds.ac.uk>.
Several people have contributed suggestions, ideas, solutions,
support and encouragement. The current maintainer is Ross Moore.
This manual page was written by Manoj Srivastava <srivasta@debian.org>, for the
Debian GNU/Linux system, based on the LaTeX documentation
accompanying the program.